高速铁路安全文化理论体系研究

高速铁路安全文化建设是实现高速铁路系统安全的必由之路。为了进一步明确安全文化在高速铁路运营安全保障中的作用,厘清高速铁路安全文化建设的思路与途径,在深入剖析安全文化建设的必要性的基础上,研究安全文化建设的发展阶段,明确每个阶段的划分依据与特点,探讨高速铁路安全文化体系与技术体系、管理体系的关系,对高速铁路安全文化建设要点进行探究,并从高速铁路安全文化基础理论、高速铁路安全文化专业理论、高速铁路安全文化应用理论3个层面对高速铁路安全文化理论体系进行分析,为高速铁路安全文化建设和水平测度提供理论基础。     

军民科技协同创新要素融合机制研究

构建一体化国家战略体系和能力是新时代实施军民融合战略的重要目标，军民科技协同创新则是实现该目标的必然选择。基于扎根理论建立军民科技协同创新影响因素体系，通过分析影响因素间的交互关系构建系统动力学模型。根据模型对案例进行仿真分析，考察单因素作用、多因素协同作用、多因素非协同作用条件下协同创新水平变化情况。从军民科技协同创新内涵、结构、功能实现3个层面揭示要素融合机制。据此，为国家军民深度融合提供相应政策建议。     

20世纪50—60年代的中国财政学:一个传统的移入与退出

20世纪50—60年代既是新中国财政学初建时期,也见证了苏联财政学传统移入和退出的过程。就其理论和实践来源看,苏联财政学是苏联化的马克思主义、苏联特殊年代政治实践和计划经济体制等诸多因素的混合物。虽然它在发展和创新马克思主义财政理论方面作出了首创性的贡献,但其历史局限性也不可避免。在苏联财政学移植中国之时,其中一些负面特征也参与了新中国财政学的重建,并对其后中国财政学的发展起到了长久的羁绊作用。20世纪50年代后期以来,中国财政学“去苏联化”的目标未能完全实现,这一方面源于塑造苏联财政学的思维模式仍然在当时的中国财政学界起着支配作用;另一方面在那些影响财政学发展的主要因素上,当时的中苏两国极为雷同。吸取20世纪50年代中国移植苏联财政学的历史经验和教训,对当下中国合理借鉴域外学术资源、发展和创新马克思主义财政理论,有着重要的借鉴意义。     

非互惠的零关税待遇是否促进了受惠国的出口多样化——基于中美对非洲贸易政策的比较研究

非互惠的优惠贸易待遇是世界贸易组织和国际社会支持发展中国家尤其是最不发达国家发展的重要工具。为了评估该政策的效果,本文以中美对非洲实施的零关税待遇为例,采用2001—2017年HS8位贸易数据从整体、行业和区域层面评估了两种政策对受惠国出口多样化产生的影响。结果显示,美国零关税待遇分为AGOA-GSP和AGOA-服装两个条款,中国零关税待遇(FOCAC)在遵循WTO规则、受惠商品范围、受惠国家标准、原产地标准及政策有效期方面均优于AGOA-GSP,但在原产地标准灵活度和政策优惠力度方面低于AGOA-服装。这些特征导致三类政策对受惠国出口多样化的影响产生显著的差异。整体上,FOCAC和AGOA-服装对受惠国出口多样化均产生了显著的积极影响,而AGOA-GSP的影响不显著;行业层面,FOCAC对受惠国制造业、矿业和农业的出口多样化均产生了显著的促进作用,而AGOA的两个条款对受惠国三个细分行业出口多样化的影响均不显著;区域层面,三类政策对受惠国出口多样化的影响仅在部分区域发挥效果。     

Maximizing an equity portfolio excess growth rate: a new form of smart beta strategy?

It has been claimed that, for dynamic investment strategies, the simple act of rebalancing a portfolio can be a source of additional performance, sometimes referred to as the volatility pumping effect or the diversification bonus because volatility and diversification turn out to be key drivers of the portfolio performance. Stochastic portfolio theory suggests that the portfolio excess growth rate, defined as the difference between the portfolio expected growth rate and the weighted-average expected growth rate of the assets in the portfolio, is an important component of this additional performance (see Fernholz [Stochastic Portfolio Theory, 2002 (Springer)]). In this context, one might wonder whether maximizing a portfolio excess growth rate would lead to an improvement in the portfolio performance or risk-adjusted performance. This paper provides a thorough empirical analysis of the maximization of an equity portfolio excess growth rate in a portfolio construction context for individual stocks. In out-of-sample empirical tests conducted on individual stocks from 4 different regions (US, UK, Eurozone and Japan), we find that portfolios that maximize the excess growth rate are characterized by a strong negative exposure to the low volatility factor and a higher than 1 exposure to the market factor, implying that such portfolios are attractive alternatives to competing smart portfolios in markets where the low volatility anomaly does not hold (e.g. in the UK, or in rising interest rate scenarios) or in bull market environments.     

供应商创新性提升机理：制造商—供应商社会资本作用研究

提升供应商创新性能有效促进制造商产品创新。基于社会资本理论和知识基础观，从制造商视角出发，构建制造商—供应商社会资本各维度对供应商创新性的作用机理模型。通过对216家中国装备制造企业进行问卷调查，利用结构方程模型，验证制造商—供应商社会资本、制造商使能的供应商知识整合与供应商创新性之间关系的理论逻辑。研究发现：①制造商—供应商社会资本各维度对供应商创新性均具有正向作用；②制造商使能的供应商知识整合两个维度均正向影响供应商创新性；③制造商使能的供应商知识整合在制造商—供应商社会资本各维度与供应商创新性间扮演不同中介作用。结论揭示了制造商—供应商社会资本提升供应商创新性的过程机制，对制造商开发供应商创新潜能具有一定启示。     

Keeping anger in check: The role of personal and organizational characteristics on behavioral outcomes

ABSTRACT

The food and beverage sector of the hospitality industry is known for being an emotionally labor-intensive environment. The events that transpire over the course of a shift lead to various emotions, which ultimately dictate the behaviors of the employees working in this industry. Of particular interest to this study was the interplay between environmental antecedents (power and distributive justice) and their influence on a negative emotion (anger) and a positive emotion (affective organizational commitment). Additionally, this study sought to understand how anger and affective organizational commitment influenced positive (organizational citizenship behavior) and negative (counterproductive work behavior) workplace behaviors using the lens of the affective events theory. The results of this study revealed that anger had the strongest effect on counterproductive work behavior and that all of the relationships were significant except from anger to affective organizational commitment and affective organizational commitment to counterproductive work behavior.     

Feeling hungry? let's order through mobile! examining the fast food mobile commerce in China

This study proposes a unique framework that aids to enrich online shopping experience (psychological and monetary gains) and accelerates fast food mobile commerce (m-commerce). The extended technology acceptance model (TAM) is applied while the stimulus–organism–response (S–O–R) paradigm served as the predominant framework combined with the acquisition-transaction utility theory. This study investigates the mobile website quality, website brand equity (stimulus) influence on (PEOU) and (PU) (organism) to predict Chinese consumer intention to use fast food mobile commerce (response). A total of 936 respondents were participated while data were collected using a convenience sampling technique in China. Results reveal that all dimensions of mobile WQ (i.e., service quality, system quality, and information quality) and Website BE (i.e., brand image, perceived quality, brand association, and brand loyalty) (stimulus) significantly substantially influence PEOU and PU (organism) toward the acceptance of online fast food shopping (response). Digital Coupon Proneness (an accelerator) substantially moderates the relationship between PEOU, PU, and intention to use fast food m-commerce. Based on the assumptions of acquisition-transaction utility theory, category-specific (fast food) digital coupon proneness increase m-commerce for online fast food buying– a novel contribution of the study. Furthermore, research provides unique managerial insights for the industry to utilize the maximum potential of m-commerce in the fast-food industry.     

为何言路难开?领导拒谏构念维度与形成机理探究

员工谏言不仅具有建设性,而且具有挑战性和结果的不确定性,使得领导者可能纳谏也可能拒谏。然而,现有研究主要关注员工谏言与领导纳谏,却忽略了领导拒谏。本研究在回顾员工谏言及相关研究的基础上发现,领导者会对员工谏言进行建设性评估和威胁性评估,具有建设性和防御性两种行为目的。基于此,首先,从领导者的双元行为目的出发探讨了领导拒谏的概念与维度,依据发展视角、人际视角和防御视角将领导拒谏划分为:指导员工驱动的拒谏、维持关系驱动的拒谏、保证权威驱动的拒谏。其次,分析了领导拒谏的形成机理,从谏言内容、谏言员工和谏言行为三方面考察领导者对员工谏言的认知评估过程,详细讨论了组织距离如何通过领导注意间接影响领导拒谏,并探讨了权力距离在领导注意与领导拒谏之间所具有的调节作用。本研究有助于推动领导拒谏的理论构建,拓展认知评估理论的应用,而且能为组织管理实践给予一定的参考与借鉴。     

环境规制科技政策对科技进步与经济增长的影响

基于事件系统理论构建系统性、多层次性和综合性的政策量化分析框架，从政策属性、政策目标和政策工具3个维度对我国1985—2015年制定的198条环境规制科技政策进行量化研究。基于政策评估中的工具理性和价值理性两个层面，从环保科技进步效果和经济增长效应两个维度对环境规制科技政策有效性进行评估。研究发现，我国环境规制科技政策工具及政策工具协同对环保科技进步和经济增长的影响存在显著方向性差异。为此，进一步讨论了我国环境规制科技政策工具及工具协同的政策有效性评估结果，可为我国环境规制科技政策的完善和有效实施提供决策依据。